Publications

Teachers are outsourcing the design of rigorous questions to AI tools, and the questions they get back are often misclassified, generic, and disconnected from the actual lesson. This handbook gives teachers back the cognitive skill of designing those questions themselves.

Depth of Knowledge: A Practical Guide to Designing Rigorous Questions Without AI restores to educators the craft of writing cognitively demanding questions from lesson content alone, without relying on artificial intelligence tools. It uses Norman L. Webb's Depth of Knowledge (DOK) framework as its spine, returns to Webb's own 1997 and 2002 monographs as primary sources, and corrects the widespread misinterpretation of DOK perpetuated by the unauthorized "DOK Wheel" graphic.